ESP32 Smart Heater/Cooler System Using Peltier Module
An ESP32-based smart heating and cooling system using a Peltier module for precise temperature control.
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₹3551.00
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Components
9 items
Difficulty
Advanced
Build Time
3 – 4 hours
Project Details
How It Works
How It WorksThe system uses a Peltier module that heats or cools by reversing current direction. The ESP32 reads temperature from a DS18B20 sensor and compares it with a setpoint. An H-bridge (L298N) controls the current direction through the Peltier: one direction for heating, opposite for cooling. PWM control adjusts power intensity for stable temperature maintenance. The system continuously monitors temperature and adjusts Peltier operation to maintain the desired setpoint.
Prerequisites
Basic knowledge of ESP32 programming, understanding of electrical circuits, familiarity with temperature sensors, and experience with Arduino IDE. Knowledge of PWM and H-bridge operation is helpful.
What You'll Learn
What You'll LearnUnderstanding how Peltier modules work for heating and cooling
Learning to control current direction for bidirectional operation
Using PWM to control power intensity for stability
Implementing closed-loop temperature control
Building real-time control systems with microcontrollers
Key Features
Peltier module provides both heating and cooling by reversing current
Feedback system maintains temperature within setpoint
Optional WiFi connectivity for remote monitoring and control
Practical system for incubators, climate chambers, and thermal testing
What's Included in the Kit
| Component | Qty | Price |
|---|---|---|
 | 1 | ₹1682.00 |
Peltier Module (TEC1-12706) | 1 | ₹0.00 |
 | 1 | ₹0.00 |
 | 1 | ₹165.00 |
Heat Sink + Cooling Fan | 2 | ₹0.00₹0.00 × 2 |
 | 1 | ₹0.00 |
 | 1 | ₹171.00 |
Thermal Paste | 1 | ₹0.00 |
4.7kΩ Resistor | 1 | ₹0.00 |
Operating Instructions
Pin Connections
Pin Connections| MCU Pin | Connected To | Purpose | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| GPIO 4 | DS18B20 DATA | Digital input for temperature data | Requires 4.7kΩ pull-up resistor |
| 3.3V | DS18B20 VCC | Power supply for temperature sensor | - |
| GND | DS18B20 GND | Ground connection | - |
| GPIO 25 | L298N IN1 | Control input for H-bridge direction | - |
| GPIO 26 | L298N IN2 | Control input for H-bridge direction | - |
| GPIO 27 | L298N ENA | PWM control for Peltier power intensity | - |
| GND | L298N GND | Ground connection | - |
Tools Required
Tools RequiredSafety Precautions
Electrical
- ⚠Never power Peltier directly from ESP32 - requires high-current driver
- ⚠Use high-current rated driver (BTS7960 recommended for high current)
- ⚠Ensure power supply can handle 5-10A current draw
Handling
- ⚠Always use heat sinks on both sides of Peltier module
- ⚠Use proper thermal paste for heat transfer
- ⚠Avoid touching hot surfaces during operation
Operating
- ⚠Monitor temperature to avoid overheating
- ⚠Use proper thermal insulation for safety
- ⚠Ensure adequate ventilation for cooling fan
Frequently Asked Questions
Frequently Asked QuestionsQ:Can Peltier replace AC?
Q:Which driver is best?
Q:Can PID improve performance?
Q:What is the maximum temperature difference?
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